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Dennis C. Jett examines why peacekeeping operations fail by comparing the unsuccessful attempt at peacekeeping in Angola with the successful effort in Mozambique, alongside a wide range of other peacekeeping experiences. The book argues that while the causes of past peacekeeping failures can be identified, the chances for success will be difficult to improve because of the way such operations are initiated and conducted, and the way the United Nations operates as an organization. Jett reviews the history of peacekeeping and the evolution in the number, size, scope, and cost of peacekeeping missions. He also explains why peacekeeping has become more necessary, possible, and desired and yet, at the same time, more complex, more difficult, and less frequently used. The book takes a hard look at the UN's actions and provides useful information for understanding current conflicts.
- Sales Rank: #1600467 in Books
- Published on: 2001-04-06
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.50" h x .54" w x 5.50" l, .65 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 236 pages
From Library Journal
Jett, a former U.S. ambassador to Mozambique, assesses UN-sponsored peacekeeping since the Cold War and finds it wanting. He argues that vague objectives, inadequate forces, and bureaucratic politics converged to undercut the UN's effectiveness when confronted with civil wars of maddening complexity. Jett's analysis rests largely on a comparison between the failure in Angola and the limited success in Mozambique. This astute choice of cases--two Portuguese colonies that attained independence under similar circumstances--allows Jett to isolate shortcomings specific to the UN and explain why the Angola conflict outstripped the capabilities of UN peacekeepers. Angola's wealth of natural resources, for instance, enabled the combatants to purchase foreign arms in quantity, while superpower backing for the warring factions prolonged the conflict and inhibited negotiation. The relative absence of these factors eased a settlement in Mozambique. Jett concludes that the UN will be underused for peacekeeping in the future. Strongly recommended for academic libraries.
-James Holmes, Inst. for Foreign Policy Analysis, Cambridge, MA
Copyright 2000 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Booklist
Jett, a former ambassador to Mozambique, examines the lessons learned when the United Nations fails or succeeds in its peacekeeping missions. He chooses the missions in Mozambique and Angola because of the countries' similar histories (both former Portuguese colonies and cold war battlegrounds) but different outcomes. When the UN closed its mission in Angola in 1999 after four years of relative peace, war began almost immediately because factions had used the interim as a time to rearm. In contrast, the five-year mission in Mozambique apparently succeeded. Jett examines the history of the UN, why it undertakes missions, and how success is determined by factors outside of its control--the conflicting parties, outside parties, regional powers, and a country's resources. Jett looks at how the size and scope of missions have changed since the end of the cold war, and how they've become increasingly complex. This is a well-researched and insightful look at a controversial activity, particularly because of recent peacekeeping failures in Bosnia and Somalia. Vanessa Bush
From Kirkus Reviews
A heavily documented scholarly analysis of the perils of peacekeeping that focuses on the UN's efforts to bring and keep peace in Angola and Mozambique. Jett (Diplomat in Residence/Carter Center) laments the failure of peacekeeping to ``shorten the suffering'' of people who live in regions torn by civil strife rather than providing ``a temporary respite.'' In nine swift chapters he explores the history of the process, identifies its weaknesses and strengths (internal and external), and ends with the grim observation that peacekeeping is most difficult because those involved must often ``kill some people in order to save others.'' In contrasting what he believes is ``one of the UN's biggest successes'' (Mozambique) to one of its most spectacular failures (Angola, where 800,000 have died in an ongoing war), Jett reveals some surprising facts: There are currently 15 operations in progress; because there is no provision for peacekeeping in the UN charter, ``the legal basis for each operation is the mandate given to it; and these ad hoc mandates range from comprehensive to limited, from clear to murky, from conceivable to impossible. He notes that a country's abundance (or dearth) of natural resources can greatly affect the performance of the peacekeepers: Where oil and diamonds are at stake (as in Angola), the parties continue to fight more ferociously than in Mozambique, where control of ``cashew nuts, cotton, and shrimp'' awaits the victor. Jett also recognizes the power of the media to affect missions through the ``CNN effect: When TV stations all over the world telecast images of dead US soldiers dragged through the streets of Mogadishu in 1993, UN peacekeeping operations altered dramatically. At times Jett's text is densethere are many long block quotations and an alphabet soup of acronymsbut his professorial tone seems appropriate to so serious a topic. Well-researched, pertinent, and often wise. -- Copyright ©2000, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Insightful and applicable
By R. Davis
The new paperback edition of Jett's book updates the analysis of the UN's missions to Mozambique and Angola, and the new introduction addresses the renaissance in peacekeeping that has occurred since the first edition. While this is a scholarly work, originally created as a doctoral dissertation, the subject is pertinent and the writing is readible.
The text is designed to highlight differences in the two missions, one of which has been moderately successful, the other of which was an unmitigated disaster. It identifies three phases: pre-deployment, deployment, and post-deployment, and shows how these differences affected the outcome. It also identifies three groups who must cooperate to create success: the peacekeepers, the target nation, and the surrounding states. The failure in Angola can be traced to all three phases and all three groups. Likewise, the success of the Mozambique mission can also be traced to all three phases and all three groups.
Jett's analysis is superb. The lessons that can be drawn from this work would prove invaluable, if properly implemented in peacekeeping going forward. The necessary changes in the UN and its member nations will be challenging, but knowing they must be made is a good first step. Let us hope the people with the power to set peacekeeping on the right course are reading and remembering this one.
3 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Good Examination of Peacekeeping Problems
By Kindle Customer
--The reviewer is a peace operations analyst in Washington DC--
This book was, as other reviewers noted, originally a dissertation. So off the top, a prospective reader should know that this is a scholarly piece of work, not a novel. It is a well-written and quite readable work, though.
Ambassador Jett on balance does a good job of outlining why UN peace operations can fail, using the Mozambique and Angola cases to good affect. The work comes across as somewhat ill tempered at times, and is not happy reading if one is a supporter of peace operations. By and large, the arguments and conclusions make sense, in terms of outlining the failures and why they happen. There does not seem to be enough credit given to the successes, and the reforms that have taken place to fix some of what Ambassador Jett discusses.
Those are quibbles, though. The fact is, this book is a must read for those studying conflict resolution, peace operations, or any related field. It is a good read for anyone, given the current news. The book will not provide any potential solutions to the problems noted so well, which is an issue, but at least the reader will gain a good understanding of the problems.
3 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
A good analysis by someone who knows what he is writing on
By Maurizio Giuliano
So often and so regrettably, books by diplomats and former diplomats tend to be boring recollections of memoirs, trying to give the author's views on countries and issues of which the authors themselves understood little or nothing. I am thinking, among others, about Nathaniel Davis' book on Allende's Chile, which was at the same time a brilliant self-defence statement denying US intervention in the 1973 coup. In contrast, this book by Christopher Jett, a former US ambassador to Mozambique, is a thorough analysis of events, offering personal views insofar as any author rightly has these, but without becoming a boring recollection of personal stories. Ambassador Jett offers us a rigorous analysis of why peace-keeping succeeded in Mozambique and failed in Angola. It provides excellent material on these two conflicts and the UN intervention there, and on the respective countries and their internal politics. Likewise, the book is also excellent reading, vividly written and captivating - much more than diplomats can usually be. I would recommend this title to anyone studying comparative conflict studies and conflict resolution, or/and the politics of that part of Africa.
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